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What is Distillation Process and its working method?

    In this article, I will explore and illustrate the water distillation process that is very commonly used in society for the treatment of water.  I will also demonstrate what is water distillation process is and how this process works? This process of water treatment is a very old method that is used to purify water by using heat sources.

What is Distillation Process?

       The distillation process is the process of removal of contaminants and substances from the water by using a heat source. In this process, we convert the water (liquid) into vapors and condense it back into a liquid for the removal of substances from the liquid. We boil a liquid and then distill and remove solid substances and contaminants from it and purify it. The process of distillation is commonly used in the house for domestic use of water for drinking, etc. The process of boiling water kills the microorganism and bacteria from the water.

History:

In different eras, different scientists worked and did experiments on the process of water distillation. If we converse about Muslim scientists then two names of scientists shown Alchemist Jabir bin hayan and Al-Razi they did experiments on the distillation of different substances by the conversion of liquid into vapors for the removal of contaminants and purify the water or liquid. At different times different people worked on the distillation process.

Applications of Distillation Process:

     This process is mostly used at the laboratory level and industry level. In our houses, the water boiling process is used for the removal of contaminants from the water and clean the water for drinking and cooking purposes.

Methods :

Most techniques for refining and distillation utilized by industry and in lab research are varieties of straightforward refining. This fundamental activity requires the utilization of a still or counter wherein a fluid is warmed, a condenser to cool the fume, and a recipient to gather the distillate. In warming, a combination of substances, the most unpredictable or the least bubbling distills first, and the others in this manner or not under any condition. This basic device is totally good for the cleansing of a fluid containing nonvolatile material and is sensibly sufficient for isolating fluids of generally disparate edges of boiling over. For lab use, the device is generally made of glass and associated with plugs, elastic bungs, or ground-glass joints. For mechanical applications, bigger hardware of metal or fired is utilized.

Fractional Distillation:

 Another method that is used at the industry level is called fractional distillation or differential distillation. A technique called fractional distillation, or differential refining and distillation have been produced for specific applications, for example, petrol refining since basic refining isn't proficient for isolating fluids whose edges of boiling overlie near each other. In this activity, the fumes from refining are more than once consolidated and disintegrated in a protected vertical segment. Particularly significant in this association are the still heads, fractionating sections, and condensers that license the arrival of a portion of the dense fume toward the still. The goal is to accomplish the nearest conceivable contact between rising fume and diving fluid to permit simply the most unstable material to continue as fume to the recipient while returning the less unpredictable material as fluid toward the still. The purging of the more unpredictable segment by contact between such countercurrent surges of fume and fluid is alluded to as an amendment or advancement.